RULES 1 We use the present perfect to talk about experiences in the PAST / PRESENT which are important NOW / IN THE FUTURE. 2 We SAY / DON'T SAY exactly when a present perfect action happened. 3 We form the present perfect with HAVE / BE + past participle. 4 We often use the short forms: 've, 's.
1.past,now
2.say
3.have