с заданием нужно ответить на 10 во вот текст к во представить) projects for building railways in Russia.

Yet at the very time when foreign engineers were submitting their plans, in the Urals a steam locomotive was actually in use. It had been invented and built by the Cherepanovs, father and son, both skilful mechanics and serfs (крепостные). The first Russian locomotive was, of course, a "baby" compared with the locomotives of today. Under the boiler (котел) there were two cylinders which turned the locomotive's two driving wheels (there were four wheels in all), At the front there was a smoke stack (труба), while at the back there was a platform for the driver.

Horses and oxen were used for work during the Bronze Age.First wheels were like solid discs.At first holes were made in the wheels, and they became somewhat lighter. Then wheels with spokes were made. Finally, the wheel was covered with iron and then with rubber. The first steam carriage carried two people.George Stephenson demonstated the first locomotive in the United Kingdom.In Russia the tsar's government showed little interest in railway transportation.The Cherepanovs were mechanics and serfs, who invented and built a steam locomotive in the Urals.Under the boiler there were two cylinders which turned the locomotive's two driving wheels (there were four wheels in all). At the front there was a smoke stack, while at the back there was a platform for the driver.Yes, the locomotives are widely used in Russia.Steam locomatives, locomotives, electric locomotives, gas turbine locomotives etc.